5 Steps To Make Your Freelance Clients Love Your Writing

5 Steps To Make Your Freelance Clients Love Your Writing The most ideal approach to ensure your independent customers love your composing is to compose first rate duplicate. That much is valid. As an expert author, your abilities are your principle concern. Be that as it may, there is a whole other world to incredible duplicate with regards to getting customers to cherish what youve accomplished for them. You have to consummate the whole customer process so the experience of recruiting you is as fantastic as the work you produce. A terrible encounter can sloppy up extraordinary last duplicate. So how would you get your independent customers to cherish your work? 1. Ask Freelance Clients Inquiries Up Front Posing the correct inquiries in advance is the main way both you and the customer will be sure about whats required, whats conceivable, and what will occur. Urgency for work frequently makes us not have any desire to cause trouble with such a large number of inquiries, thus we excitedly express yes to put on an exterior of certainty and get the activity. What's more, that is the place the difficulty begins. You either dont have enough data to carry out the responsibility right, or you need to prop up back to the customer to understand that data you ought to have gotten in any case. That isnt going to paint an expert picture of what your identity is and how you work. Regardless of whether your last item is stunning, youve hued the experience for your customer. Make a spreadsheet to follow points of interest for each independent activity. Inquiries toward the start are ideal. Regardless of whether you have a great deal. Discover the points of interest, for example, what number of words the customer expects, and when they need the finished undertaking. Discover the foundation on the venture. Maybe you didnt realize this customer favors meets as a feature of the examination procedure. Also, burrow profound to locate the more subtle things the customer may not think to let you know. They may expect you definitely know. Examination the customers distribution or blog to discover what sort of composing has been utilized before, and make notes of tone, style, and substance. Know precisely what the customer needs; they will value your anxiety and polished skill as you pose relevant inquiries. What's more, they will cherish the outcome even more. Pose all inquiries in advance to keep the #FreelanceWriting experience from being ugly.2. Write In Your Strengths If Possible Youll be increasingly excited in the event that you expound on points you are proficient, agreeable, and appreciate. Plainly, you cant consistently get ventures that fit this definition, however put forth an attempt to seek after and hold those that do. At the point when you expound on the things you love, you have just done the examination. You are knowledgable not on the grounds that you needed to discover data to complete a task, but since you discovered data throughout the years to fulfill your own interest. At the point when you expound on the things you love, you are composing for a fact. You become your own reference, and you dont need to look through the web high and low to discover the musings and statements of others. You are a specialist in your own right, and can uninhibitedly talk. At the point when you expound on the things you love, your excitement appears. Youll have a new take and hurl the recipes aside and it will appear in your composition. At the point when you expound on the things you love, your customer will adore what youve composed for them. In this way, when you have a customer who is requesting that you compose on something you dont love, that is fine. That is the activity. In any case, if that equivalent customer begins to make life hopeless for you, pushing limits and getting snappy about what you charge for independent composition, consider on the off chance that you truly need to take on that conflict. Expound on the things you love as much as possible. It appears in your work. #FreelanceWriting3. Compose For Your Freelance Clients, Not Yourself Keep in mind, youre not composing for yourself. Truth be told, for some composing ventures, your name probably won't be appended. You cannot move toward each composing venture as though you are building an open notoriety for yourself. Rather, you should know about the voice your customer needs, and be that voice for them, on the grounds that youre really constructing their open notoriety with your words. Customers have picked you due to your style and that they like your work, however perhaps your unpolished blog entries that they state they cherished arent the right tone for their corporate handbook. Everything returns to posing the correct inquiries, one of which ought to be to discover what tone they are searching for. You might need to address their advertising division with the goal that you are on message. Doesnt sound like fun, however you can mess around with your own voice on your own blog. When composing for customers, you should turn into the voice they need. Compose for your #freelance customers, and not for yourself. You are their voice.4. Sell Your Work Back To Your Freelance Clients Self-advancement comes effectively for a few, yet not all. For those of us who battle with self-advancement, discussing yourself feels disgusting; discussing your work and selling it feels surprisingly more terrible. Yet, you need to. You could give your customer the equivalent completed item absent a lot of exhibition, or you could give it to them both a mentality of certainty and basically sell it back to them,â and theyd incline toward the last mentioned. For what reason would you sell it back to them when they previously paid for it? Theyve employed you, havent they? That should be sufficient. Your customer needs you to give them certainty about your work. They need you to promise them that they didnt make a slip-up in paying you cash to compose for them. Perhaps you dont need to do it after youve been in a working relationship for a long time, yet toward the start, particularly, you have to enable your customer to cherish your work by giving them that you love your work, as well. Its a method of demonstrating them youre putting forth a valiant effort, and that youre not heedless about their undertaking. You need to persuade #FreelanceWriting customers twice: to recruit you, and to keep you.5. Regard Your Client Show your customer regard. Once more, your customers take on your work frequently has less to do with how extraordinary you composing is, however how their experience working with you was. In the event that you regard your customer, their experience will be a decent one. Regard Deadlines Time is cash. You realize that, as a consultant. The equivalent applies to your customer. They have a cutoff time for an explanation; it accommodates their time plan. At the point when you turn an undertaking it past a cutoff time or barely in time, you can cost them money. Clients love your work. Theyll love it much more on the off chance that you get it to them on schedule.

Managing Foreign Exchange Risk in International Trade

Overseeing Foreign Exchange Risk in International Trade Overseeing FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE WITH A FOCUS ON EAST MIDLANDS COMPANIES Dynamic The reason for this exploration is to research how worldwide exchange organizations the East Midlands oversee outside trade hazard. This examination uses unmistakable insights in introducing and breaking down information from the essential research. The discoveries of the examination show that a dominant part of the organizations utilized wide business systems in dealing with their remote trade hazard. The primary issues the organizations had with overseeing remote trade dangers focused on client maintenance and accepting installments on schedule. The outcomes likewise demonstrate that there were a couple of firms which adopted an incorporated strategy to moderating outside trade chance. This examination is of incentive to firms engaged with global exchange and furthermore business improvement organizations which look to help firms which are wanting to enter or are now working in remote markets. Section 1 Presentation Universal exchange includes sending out and bringing in of products or administrations across outside fringes and, when a firm participates in import or potentially trade it is presented to various dangers. Thus firms working outside their nation of origin, need to manage the monetary states of the remote nation in which it wishes to work in. One of the key issues firms associated with import as well as fare are confronted with is managing remote cash as this is the main methods by which the trading of merchandise or administrations is encouraged. To this end it is import to consider and comprehend the effect which outside cash has on global exchange. Following the end of the Bretton Woods understanding (1971) whereby trade rates were permitted to coast openly, overseeing remote trade has gotten significant (Heakel, 2009). Subsequently the costs of monetary standards were controlled by showcase powers that is, interest for and flexibly of cash (Mastry and Salam, 2007). Because of the steady changes sought after and flexibly which are thus impacted by other outer variables, vacillations emerge (Czinkota et al, 2009). Because of these changes firms are presented to remote trade hazards otherwise called cash dangers. Firms exchanging various monetary forms are presented to three sorts of remote trade dangers; financial, exchange and translational hazard (Czinkota et al, 2009). Firms which are associated with global exchange are presented to monetary and exchange chances as the two of them present potential dangers to the organizations income after some time (Czinkota et al, 2009). Studies have demonstrated that remote trade changes c an influence the estimation of an organizations income after some time (Aretz, Bartram and Dufey, 2007, Judge, 2004, Bradley and Moles 2002, Allayannis and Ofek 1998, Chowdhry, 1995, Damant, 2002 and Wong 2001). All the more thus, local firms despite the fact that not managing remote money are likewise influenced by outside trade changes as the cost of the product they exchange are additionally influenced (Abor, 2005). A large portion of the surviving written works have concentrated on corporate hazard the board for monetary firms and as such money related supporting with subordinates has been the focal subject of cash chance administration. Then again there has been proof to show elective strategies exist for firms engaged with global exchange, these techniques for overseeing outside trade dangers include key and operational hazard the board. Anyway the vast majority of these investigations have been completed in detachment; budgetary supporting procedures did in disengagement of key and operational supporting strategies and the other way around. Little has been done to give an incorporated viewpoint, on using the two strategies of overseeing remote trade dangers with respect to universal exchange firms. This is the region where the current examination expects to investigate in this manner adding to the general writing Motivation behind the Research Because of the idea of global exchange which open the firm to remote trade developments, therefore exposing the firm to cash chances, the reason for this examination is to investigate how universal exchange firms manage outside trade chance. The exploration concentrates how import and fare firms in the East Midlands deal with their remote trade chance. This examination likewise plans to investigate the issues associated with dealing with those dangers. Research Questions Subsequently the examination wants to respond to the accompanying inquiries: Do import and fare firms in the East Midlands really deal with their remote conversion scale dangers? How import and fare organizations in the East Midlands deal with their remote trade dangers? What issues they experience with dealing with these dangers? Meaning of Key Terms Fence A fence can be characterized as â€Å"making a venture to diminish the danger of antagonistic value developments in a benefit. Financial specialists utilize this technique when they are uncertain of what the market will do† (Investopedia, 2010). Subsidiaries Subsidiaries are instruments whose presentation is gotten from a basic resource (Arnold, 2002) Spot Rate The spot rate is characterized as the pace of trade cited quickly if purchasing or selling money (Watson and Head) Global Trade This includes the progression of merchandise and enterprises between countries; it includes import and/fare of products and ventures (Harrison et al, 2000) The resulting area gives a separate of how rest of the examination is set out. Part 2: Literature Review; this section gives a diagram of the examination subject by mapping out the key territories; speculations inside the hazard the board and account writing are recognized, investigated and broke down. The idea of hazard and hazard the executives is investigated. An expansive order is made on the kinds of dangers and this is then limited to incorporate outside trade chance. The part continues by investigating the idea of outside trade and remote trade dangers; which incorporate the sorts of remote trade exposures. The normal procedures for overseeing remote trade dangers are investigated. This is trailed by an audit of applicable writing in the key territories of the exploration point. Section 3: Research Methodology; in this part the exploration plan and procedure are talked about. Section 4: Research Findings and Analysis; this part presents the discoveries of the exploration which were gotten from the survey. The discoveries are introduced utilizing tables, diagrams and outlines, to empower the peruser increase a more clear understanding. An examination of the discoveries is done by cross-classifying the reactions of the respondent so as to watch for any shared characteristics or potentially contrasts. Section 5: Conclusion and Recommendation; this part finishes up the examination and proposals are made. Section 2: Literature Review 2.1 Risk Management- Hazard is an inborn piece of any business, because of capriciousness of the powers which oversee business exchanges, for example, political, financial and social conditions; chance is a factor which can't be totally dispensed with (Watson and Head, 2007). Arnold (2002) portrays hazard as a circumstance where there is something beyond one potential result, however a scope of potential returns. It can likewise be characterized as the opportunity that the real come back from a venture will be unique in relation to anticipated (Lamb, 2008). From the above definitions, hazard doesn't really spell fate or doesn't really have a negative undertone. Markowitz was probably the most punctual scholarly to call attention to this, by setting up a connection among dangers and return (hazard return exchange off). Basically the hypothesis; Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) includes anticipated return and the level of going with chance for a speculation (Yorke and Droussiotis, 1994). A focal subject of th is hypothesis is that the more serious hazard a financial specialist acknowledges the higher the potential for expanded returns (Yorke and Droussiotis, 1994). While MPT indicates a positive connection among's hazard and return, the way that a venture can have a scope of potential results is a vulnerability which can be expensive. Subsequently chance administration is additionally an a vital part of business. Hazard the executives can be characterized as â€Å"the execution of exercises intended to limit the negative effect (cost) of vulnerability (chance) with respect to conceivable losses† (Abor, p.307, 2005). The destinations of hazard the executives are to limit potential misfortunes, decrease unpredictability of income in this way securing profit (Abor, 2005). While the target for chance administration is to secure organizations against budgetary misfortune in this way ensuring the estimation of the firm, conventional money hypothesis, for example, that proposed by Modigliani and Miller recommends that the market estimation of a firm is controlled by it gaining influence (Arnold, 2002). The fundamental presumption of Modigliani and Miller hypothesis is that in an effective market; with the nonappearance of tax collection, chapter 11 expenses and data asymmetry, the estimation of the firm is unaffected by its capital structure (Arnold, 2002). Anyway exact research (list creators) has indicated the presence of capital market flaws, for example, charges, office issues and money related misery exists along these lines legitimizing hazard the board (Chowdhry, 1995). Besides, MPT likewise proposes that the hazard and unpredictability of a venture portfolio can be diminished, and the additions can be improved, all by enhancing the portfolio among a few non-connected resources (Pearce Financial, 2008). That is, speculators can expand their normal return for a given degree of hazard by differentiating their ventures over a scope of benefits ((McClure, 2006). MPT includes chance administration through expansion of ventures. In an improved articulation, MPT depends on the possibility of not ‘putting all of ones eggs into one container. 2.2 Types of Risk There are two wide characterization of dangers; Unsystematic and Systematic (Rossi and Laham, 208) Deliberate dangers alludes to dangers which influence the whole market because of occasions, for example, swapping scale developments, changes in th

An American Idol Math Question

An American Idol Math Question You guys are all good in math; help me out with this one. My mom pointed this out last night, and unless Im missing something, I agree with her that American Idols voting system may have some issues. Did you see the numbers on Wednesday night, when Elliott got voted off? Each of the three top contestants received 33.xx% of the votes statistically it was a 3-way tie. Lets do the math, and please correct me if Im wrong: American Idol has a finite number of phone lines. The phone lines stay open for two hours following the show. Seacrest said that 50 million people registered their votes, roughly 16.67 million for each contestant, give or take. So if each contestants phone numbers (they each get two), within those two hours, can handle a finite number of calls then its always going to be a tie. Voters just max out each contestants phone lines for two hours the system is not actually measuring anything. Lets put it another way if 200 million people try to register votes in that two hour period, and each contestants phone lines can handle ~16.67 million votes, then well never really know what happened because all votes beyond the 16.67 million will be lost. What if Elliott had, for example, 100 million people who wanted to vote for him, and Kat and Taylor each had 30 million, but only 16.67 million people were able to get through to register their votes for each contestant? This would explain why the three contestants essentially tied; the difference in votes was statistically irrelevant, in my opinion. (It would be different if there were one telephone number for all three contestants and callers voted by pushing a button.) When its THAT close, you really have to wonder. Someone tell me Im wrong so I dont lose sleep over this.

A Womans Brief Freedom in The Story of an Hour Essay

The Story of an Hour, was written and narrated by Kate Chopin. Chopin utilized an omniscient point of view, while exhibiting various types of irony throughout the story. The story takes place in the 19th century, an era when it was acceptable for men to regulate their wives. The setting is in a house where a discontented housewife is restricted. Women were obligated to take care of their domicile and care for the children--this was their primary purpose as a wife. The story focuses on the reaction and emotions of Mrs. Mallard, the protagonist in the story who learns of the death of her spouse. The narrative begins with Josephine temperately (she does not want the news to trigger Mrs. Mallards heart condition) informing†¦show more content†¦Instead of creating an atmosphere that symbolizes death (dreariness), the writer chose to symbolize spring as: freshness, new beginnings, and liveliness. Mrs. Mallard enjoyed what she viewed from her window. To her this window symbolized independence--freedom from her dwelling. The house symbolizes the Mallards marriage. It contained baggage--physical and emotional, that held her back. The physical baggage of her spouse was gone. In order for Mrs. Mallard to be, Free! Body and soul free! (Chopin 16), she would need to get rid of the emotional memories also. Mrs. Mallard is sad that her husband is gone and She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; (Chopin 14). However, she looked forward to her new and independent life. There would be no one to live for during those coming years; she would live for herself. (Chopin 14). Mrs. Mallard gleefully embraces the fact that she was no longer: attached, married, and even better she was no longer Mrs. Mallard or Brentlys wife. Louise was no longer defined by her husband. People would now see Louise not Brentlys wife. She was now Louise who was free, free, free! (Chopin 11). Louise would dictate her own life and the course she wanted her life to take. Louises character was not content with her marriage or her life. Being in an unequal marriage, where her spouse controlled her was something Louise did not agree with. She seemed to have anShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Realism In If I Were A Man By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1295 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, women have been fighting for equality and personal freedom in patriarchal societies. One avenue that feminist activist used to speak out against female oppression was literature. As G.H. Lewes put it in his 1852 literary work â€Å"The Lady Novelists,† â€Å"The advent of female literature promises womans view of life, womans experience: in other words, a new element† (Lewes). This new element was definitely propagated by two literary leaders for women’s rights in the Victorian Era feministRead MorePerspective of an Ideal Marriage Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the Ideal Marriage? 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Both texts express some of the struggles faced by the protagonist woman in their retrospective time periods. ‘Still I Rise’ is very empowering and mirrors Angelou’s own struggles with her lack of freedom. and how the strength of women will allow her to be treated as equal. However, ‘The Story of an Hour’, conveys its message of the oppression faced by women in a more subtle manner. It discussesRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1159 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† by Kate Chopin is about a woman who dies after finding out that her husband, believed to be deceased, is actually alive. The short story â€Å"The Fathers Confession,† by Guy de Maupassant is about a man who confesses to a crime he committed to his children in a letter after he passes away. A close reading of these stories reveals themes of repressive relationships and freedom. In addition, the reader gains insight through analyzi ng characters with use of technicalRead MoreSocial Injustice In The Story Of An Hour1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe Impact of the Social Injustices in â€Å"The Story of an Hour† Paulina Wright Davis, a women’s rights reformer in the nineteenth century, once said â€Å"we believe that a woman’s enforced inferiority in the marriage relation, not only wrongs her out of the best uses of her existence, but also cheats her master of the richest and noblest blessings of the nuptial union† (qtd. in Wayne, â€Å"Women Reformers†). This is what women, like Mrs. Mallard, dealt with during their lifetime. Much of what happened duringRead MoreThe Yellow Wall Paper And The Story Of An Hour1601 Words   |  7 PagesJanae Parham Instructor: Cherie Shields WR121 11/8/15 The Story of The Yellow Wallpaper Women have traditionally been known as the less dominant sex. Through history women have fought for equal rights and freedom. They have been stereotyped as being housewives, and bearers and nurturers of the children. Only recently with the push of the Equal Rights Amendment have women had a strong hold on the workplace alongside men. Many characters in literature are conceived from the tension women have facedRead MoreKate Chopins The Story of an Hour and Feminism in the 1800s 1318 Words   |  6 Pagespart of the short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, which is a story that portrays women’s lack of freedom in the1800s. Women had no rights, and had to cater to all of their husband’s needs. The main character in â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is a woman who suffers from heart trouble, named Mrs. Mallard. When Mrs. Mallard was told about her husband’s death, she was initially emotional, but because of her husband’s death she reaped freedom and became swept away with joy. The story is ironic becauseRead MoreWomens Role in Marriage1327 Words   |  6 Pagesearnings, inheritance, nor their freedom. Once married, often very young, the woman became one with her husband and followed his rules within and outside of the home. Similar to the present, there were levels of class, however, regardless of stature the bounding laws placed on a married woman remained intact. The author Kate Chopin demonstrated in her short story â€Å"The Story of An Hour† the emotional torment of these women during this time. Kate expressed the desire of freedom and independence that these

The Demon Haunted World And Silent Spring - 1430 Words

In the books The Demon-Haunted World and Silent Spring, the authors write about large issues facing the public in the time period. Rachel Carson faces the issue of pest control in the middle of the twentieth century. Insecticides are used in excess, permeate the environment, and it is commonly accepted that they have no ill consequences. Carson compiled the research of many scientists and showed, despite fierce opposition, that insecticides pose a high risk of destroying the environment and are harmful to humans. Carl Sagan writes about his concerns about the path society is taking away from scientific thinking into superstition and pseudoscience. He debunks popular thoughts about UFO’s, hallucinations, dogmatic con-men, and anti-science†¦show more content†¦Carl Sagan’s book The Demon-Haunted World covers why people think the way they do about paranormal claims, UFO’s, and pseudoscience. Sagan demonstrates that the pattern of thinking uncritically is no t limited to fringe claims, but is practiced throughout society to its detriment. Carl Sagan argues that it is critical that people change their habits â€Å"But if we don t practice these tough habits of thought, we cannot hope to solve the truly serious problems that face us - and we risk becoming a nation of suckers, up for grabs by the next charlatan who comes along† (Sagan 38). Peter Barton Hutt and Gregory Frantz argue that corporations have abused the critical faculties of Americans to promote a lifestyle of consumption and conformity to social spending: â€Å"In other words, the same human propensity for uncritical thought and conformity that has historically been exploited by religions and governments is today being capitalized upon by corporations to promote consumerism† (Hutt 83). Their position is reinforced by Sagan writing, throughout the book, that it is often profitable to those who provide the beliefs for others and it is in their best interests to dis courage individual thoughts. Silent Spring is a detailed analysis of the damages caused by pesticides to the environment. Rachel Carson explains that through the blind, unquestioning consumer culture, companies have sold deadly poisons with unapparent warning as a catch-all cure for anyShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of The Vase Essay1428 Words   |  6 Pagesdemolish his dream that enlivened verse and art. The red-hair turned around, leaving mirror, a terrible choice, she knew it. At the back of her head, she was trying her best not to think of a more worse notion that paralyzed her from living lately, it haunted her existence. It was a choice to forget as well as a choice not to. There she was alone, calm as a doll. 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A neighbor later told police that Willingham intermittently cried, â€Å"My babies!† then fell silent, as if he had â€Å"blocked the fire out of his mind.† Diane Barbee, returning to the scene, could feel intense heat radiating off the house. Moments later, the five windows of the children’s room exploded and flames â€Å"blew out,† as Barbee put it. WithinRead MoreTrial by Fire16445 Words   |  66 Pageswindow. Fire lashed through the hole. He broke another window; flames burst through it, too, and he retreated into the yard, kneeling in front of the house. A neighbor later told police that Willingham intermittently cried, â€Å"My babies!† then fell silent, as if he had â€Å"blocked the fire out of his mind.† Diane Barbee, returning to the scene, could feel intense heat radiating off the house. Moments later, the five windows of the children’s room exploded and flames â€Å"blew out,† as Barbee put it. 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Key Factors to a Supportive Environment Free Essays

Key factors that support speech, language and communication environment: 1. Your room/setting layout – what does your physical environment look like? The noise level – are there quieter and noisier areas, planned times or activities. Evidence: There are two main rooms that are in use during morning and afternoon sessions, the classroom and larger hall area. We will write a custom essay sample on Key Factors to a Supportive Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The classroom has a book corner with a child’s size couch and soft cushions on the floor. This area is ideally for quiet time and reading. The rest of the classroom and large hall allows for noisy and more social activities. Throughout the day there are planned adult lead activities, circle times, outdoor play, snack bar and lunch club. Which work on a rota based system. Quality of light – are play areas well lit for children to see ; communicate well with each other, see mouth movements, resources ; staff. Evidence: The classroom and main hall both allow for a substantial amount of natural light through large windows and also have more then one artificial light in either room. Space to move, expressively, with whole bodies, with and without speed Evidence: The main hall area is a large open space with a substantial amount of room for children to move freely and expressively. This room is used for more active activities and also for when outdoor play is restricted due to poor weather conditions. The children will use this area to build train tracks, stack blocks, act out role plays and imaginary games, as well as group games such as duck duck goose and ring a ring a roses. The outdoor area is also set up in a way that allows for all types of movement. There is an large space for bikes and smalls cars, which is also used for obstacle courses and tents. This is divided from the rest of the playground by log stumps that the children can also walk across. Resources and toys – is there a varied selection available for both indoor ; outdoor play. Evidence: Within the classroom and hall there is a large variety of resources and toys to cater for all the children. For example; a home corner, roll play area, mark making area, play dough and sand/water trays, block building, music corner, small world toys, ICT area book corner. The outside area has a large storage cupboard which allows us to alternate what goes outside to create interest and excitement. There is an outside book corner with bean bags and blankets, large wooden blocks for building, play house with kitchen and work bench, prams, bikes and large cars, balls, rackets, a table and chairs to encourage mark making, blackboard with chalk and a variety of playing apparatus’s. 2. Staff – Involvement/roles – how does everyone interact with children to promote communication. Evidence: Most children attending the pre-school will have an all about me book, which their key person and any other staff member are allowed assess. It contains information and pictures on the child’s life including family, pets, friends, likes and dislikes. The children also receive a settling in performer after two weeks of them attending the setting. Which goes over how they are doing and is sent home to their parents to read and comment on, then sent back in. This is kept in the child’s learning journey. The children are also given a chance to have their say on what they would like to do at pre-school, with the children’s planing board. Where any ideas that are given from the children are written on and then added to the planing in future sessions. We have a classroom rules board, illustrating the main rules of the setting. Which is positioned down low at the children’s eye level. There is also a ‘how are you feeling today’ poster with photos and illustrations of different facial expressions, again at the children’s eye level. We also try to operate with a positive language approach when reminding children of rules, for example saying ‘walking feet and kind hands’ instead of ‘no running and don’t hit each other. ‘ Staff responsibilities – does a key person system operate to support your children? Evidence: A key person system is operational within the setting, each key person has on average 11 children under their care and are also responsible for the overall care of every child. Observations are made on every child and logged in their learning journeys, which are kept in a locked cupboard. Planning daily routines – are there times of the day to support communication eg. greetings and goodbyes, toilet asking times? Small/large group and individual activities? Evidence: Our setting works on an rota based system, in which there are set times for snack bar, lunch club, tidy up times, free play, adult led activities, nappy changes, circle times and outdoor play. This helps the children and staff to get into a routine. Who ever is responsible for nappy changes that day will also be reminding children to go to the toilet, both are logged in a daily folder. The children are welcomed in the mornings/afternoons and self register with name cards. At the end of both morning and afternoon sessions the story of the week is read and the children can give thanks in prayer. The children are then dismissed when their allocated parent/carer arrives. Training opportunities? Child Development, Safeguarding, Impairment, Activity intervention awareness. Evidence: All staff are given the opportunity to attend relevant training that is beneficial for the setting and themselves. I myself have already attended four training courses since joining in September 2012. Certificates given at the completion of the training days and are displayed on the wall inside the classrooms setting. We also have a weekly policy quiz, with a different quiz selected each week for staff to read through and then be tested on. 4. Parent carer involvement – Evidence: The Pre-school welcomes parent and carer involvement within and outside of the setting, especially during the festive period. We often have parent helpers for the day that provide us with an extra pare of hands. The pre-school also recently held a fundraising event at the local community center, where we saw an overabundance of support from parents/carers. How does the setting engage with parents to share activity ideas, rhymes, resources, books, event dates, news, parent’s language needs, knowledge ; expertise Evidence: Each week parents and staff receive the ‘weekly update sheet’ via email, which provides information on the up and coming week. This information consists of the theme of the week, number, letter sound and shape, story focus, our star of the week (child), important dates, resources needed for any activities planned, how they can support their child and a photo gallery of what their children have been up to in the previous week. 5. Language itself – Identify the types of language/methods of communication used in the setting; facial, body, creative, expressive and behavioral. Evidence: At the entrance to the classroom there is a mood board on the wall with the phase ‘how do you feel today’. The board displays a variety of facial expressions and words for the children to relate to and caters especially to children still developing their speech or children that have English as an additional language. We also have a mark making area with creative resources for the children to express themselves. Throughout the setting there are posters and images reminding the children of the pre-school rules, for example use kind hands, put hands up during circle time, line up in a straight line and two children at the I. T station. Additional Language- Is there support within the setting for children with additional languages. Evidence: All resources accessible to the children are labelled with the relevant wording of the contents and a photo or picture to support visual aid. Around the main classroom we have numerals 1-10 in additional languages and greetings/farewells in multiple languages. When the children join the setting their parents/careers are asked if they speak any additional languages or if English isn’t their first spoken language. During circle times, we will often greet each child in an additional language. How to cite Key Factors to a Supportive Environment, Essay examples

Systemic and sociocultural issues free essay sample

In relation to individuals struggling with fear and sadness there are several surrounding factors that may play a role on the individual’s experience. This assignment will present a case study of a client ‘Sally’ seeking counselling due to issues related to fear and sadness. A description of Sally and her background along with details of the concern which is causing her situation relating to fear and sadness will be presented. Systemic and sociocultural issues such as gender, culture and sexuality are of importance and have an impact on the client’s experience. In addition, factors such as family and personal relationships of the client will be explored. To conclude the assignment I will summarise my chosen approach of counselling that I feel is necessary to Sally and which would suit her better, whether it be one to one counselling or family therapy. Furthermore explaining and justifying why and how the chosen approach will work well with her. Sally is a 31-year-old white single mother who was brought up in a small village in a rural area with both parents and her younger sister who now has a husband and children of her own. Sally lives alone with her children in the same village, close to her parents and sister who she regularly visits. Whilst Sally has a close relationship with her family, she feels that her family do not understand her distress leaving her feeling very lonely and isolated and longing for a family unit with her own children and a husband. Sally was in a stable 8 year relationship with the father of her children, when he suddenly left the family home after a minor argument and decided not to return, leaving her alone with a 12-month-old baby and a 5-year-old. Eventually the children’s’ father got in contact, stating that he could not handle the pressures of family life. Two years on and after many months of Sally pretending to be okay, she sought help at a local counselling service. Sally hopes to gain happiness and confidence to meet somebody else to enjoy her life with and be like the other ‘normal’ families in the close-knit, white British community she lives in. During Sally’s first counselling session, she explains that she feels lonely, isolated and scared that she will never meet anybody else due to her being a single mother. Sally proceeds stating that all she ever wanted in life was a ‘normal’ family unit consisting of both parents and a couple of children, similar to the one she grew up in and that her sister has. Despite the fact that Sally feels that she has done an excellent job raising her children, she is embarrassed that she is a single mother in her 30’s, feels unfeminine and unattractive due to gaining weight through comfort eating and does not trust males, thinking they are all going to leave her and not find her sexually attractive. Sally wishes she could have a ‘normal’ life. Vossler, A. (2010) pg199 quotes ‘what is considered as ‘normal’ or family life is dependent on prevailing cultural values and societal understandings. ’ Therefore systemic therapy or counselling will allow Sally to have a different perspective on her situation; a systemic idea which exhibits there is not just one ‘truth’ or a ‘right’ way to view situations, Vossler, A (2010). Whilst Sally’s problems may be located back to her own family system relationship, sociocultural issues may also be a factor. For example, Sally growing up with her sibling and biological parents, is considered and is seen as ‘normal’ by Sally and her family in the rural community she lives in, therefore leaving her feeling embarrassed and excluded in a cultural, race and gender context, due to the majority of the other white females of Sally’s age in the community being married with children. As cited from Barker, M. (2010) states that those who try to fit into the stereotypes of their gender most closely often have the most problems. Therefore in Sally’s case, she desires to play the typical feminine role of mother and wife similarly to her own mother displayed as Sally was growing up, now experiencing fear and sadness as she has not fulfilled the gender and cultural role of nurturing that she perceives as normal in society and that she feels her family expect of her. A counsellor may wish to reflect upon this issue as one to one therapy first of all, proceeding as a systemic family therapy with Sally’s close family in a circular interaction as seen in video Excerpt 13. This appears to allow the counsellor to gain a broader understanding of the family background and notions. Also cited from Barker, M. (2010) it is stated that those existing outside the cultural norm are often stigmatised by society, perhaps socially unaccepted, often resulting in emotional difficulties such as the onset of fear and sadness, which in Sally’s case could be indeed relevant as she perceives herself as not fitting in with her community possibly fearing that she has socially excluded herself from her own family structure. On the other hand, a sociocultural issue such as age could be causing an impact on Sally’s problems; Sally could be feeling too old to meet what is expected of her as a white mother in her 30’s. Sally’s age along with her view on her sister’s life, with that being a systemic issue could be causing problems for Sally around family pride. Sally is living unhappy as a single mother, whereas her younger sister is happily married with children. Within a social context, sexuality may be an issue for Sally, as she feels unattractive and has no trust in men, this could leave her questioning her own sexuality and whether or not she actually wants a sexual and emotional relationship with a male or whether she would be a happier meeting a female to build and share a family unit with. Therapy with a heterosexual therapist could be a problem in this aspect, as cited by Evans and Barker (2007) in Barker, M (2010); they found that heterosexual therapists expressed concern about lesbian, gay or bisexual clients becoming parents. As taken from Barker, M (2010), referring to a systemic approach from a constructivist position, each person has their own individual view of the world. This implies that there is no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ way to perceive negative experiences, but a variety of possible views and stories that are all subjectively ‘true’ and in line with the individual context. In Sally’s case, this is her family background and own assumptions of what is expected of her within the rural community and general family norms. In addition, a therapist from a different background or culture such as a multi-cultural urban area where there may be many single white mother’s, may perceive Sally’s issue as ‘normal’ life, causing him or her to be unable to display an empathetic understanding to Sally, which brings me to discuss the most appropriate therapy method of working with Sally and her problems. If I was a counsellor working with Sally I would aim to establish a collaborative relationship to facilitate helpful therapeutic conversations. This is referred to as a basic tenet of working systemically cited from Vossler, A (2010). I would also aspire for a one-to-one counselling relationship rather than family therapy, utilising a person-centred approach therapy, looking closely at the systemic issue that being the community Sally grew up in along with the way she coped and dealt with her relationship breakdown. Welcoming open-mindedness and empathetic listening and questioning techniques to assist in building rapport with Sally I would firstly explore how and why Sally began to experience symptoms of fear and sadness, eventually leading to Sally potentially seeing her situation from another perspective. It is not about ‘getting it right’ in this process, and a systemic counsellor and psychotherapist will not try to impose normative ideas or specified solutions, as cited by Vossler, A (2010)pg. 205. As seen in Excerpt 15 (video) (D240), family therapy appeared to be effective whilst working with Sharmila’s issues as it allowed the therapist to gain a wider context of problems she had to work with, however in Sally’s case I wouldn’t feel family therapy would be necessary for Sally’s sadness, due to gender and community expectations being issues that are of more importance and relevance in Sally’s case rather than what Sally’s family’s thoughts are. During Excerpt 15(video) (D240), the second therapist that spoke with Sharmila approached the counselling session in a person-centred way which proved to be effective, as Sharmila began to open up when she realised she could trust the therapist, whereas the male therapist appeared quite pushy and interrogating, although the male therapist was unaware that Sharmila’s issues stemmed around males, this may have also been a reason for Sharmila not engaging with him as she may have had lack of trust in males. I can relate this issue to Sally as she has mistrust in males due to her relationship breakdown, she may not feel comfortable communicating problems with the opposite sex. In order to attend to systemic and sociocultural issues, particularly community/culture, gender and age I would ask Sally questions such as ‘what do other females of your age with children living in your area think about you situation? ’ or ‘do you experience negative comments about having no father to help raise your children? ’. Without appearing critical, I would ask these questions to try to develop Sally’s thinking on a much larger scale rather than the fixed identity she feels she has and the stereotypical perception that is expected of her in the small village. Barker, M (2010) pg. 232 cites ‘some people experience their identities as very fixed, others as fluid and changeable. Difficulties can occur when holding rigidly to an identity and when expressing it flexibly in a world which sees it as fixed’. Consequently, in Sally’s case she could feel her identity should be similar to those around her and not what it is, being labelled as a ‘single mother’ causing her symptoms of fear and sadness. Hence the questions within a systemic approach that I ask may help Sally adopt a different perception on white females of her age. Another basic tenet of working systemically as cited from Vossler, A (2010) is for me to emphasise on the importance of language in generating meaning, for example the label ‘single mother’ and the way one interprets this term may influence the way in which problems are experienced in families and other systems, such as Sally’s cultural and community ‘norms’, therefore it is of importance that as a counsellor I respect this value, moreover become familiar with the notions of social constructionism. Reflecting upon my chosen counselling client, I conclude that one-to-one therapy is the most appropriate in her case. This decision was attained from previous material studied throughout the module which I feel has led me to have a reasonable understanding of various counselling approaches in order for me to adopt an effective counselling approach to clients with differing sociocultural and systemic issues. In regards to working with Sally, taking into account her family and social context, I did not feel it was necessary to involve others throughout the therapy process, the reason being is that I feel Sally had more than enough issues to deal with such as community and culture, expectations, gender, self-identity therefore if Sally was to participate in family therapy this may result in fear and sadness being prolonged due to hearing how her family feel about her problems. This would also defeat my whole purpose of establishing a close therapeutic relationship with Sally as the focus would be on the family rather than Sally as an individual. (2003 words)

Iphone Marketing Strategy Essay Example

Iphone Marketing Strategy Essay As the team of marketing consultants hired by Apple Corporation, we have been asked to review their current target markets and marketing mix’s to come up with possible suggestions for improving the overall effectiveness of the organizations marketing efforts. Our main focus will be specifically to cover the already successful iPhone, and not the other wide range of products and services that Apple has to offer such as: computers, software bundles, iPods, and the iTunes store. The iTunes store in its self provides everything from music, movies, shows and even applications which are all compatible with the iPhone. First we will have to identify the target market and address the 4P’s (place, price, product, and promotion) to find the strengths and possible weaknesses for areas of improvement. We will also be covering market segmentation, showing specifically how they decided to subdivide the market and what Apple is aiming to achieve for each market segment. When the iPhone was first released out in to the public in June of 2007, it was an instant hit, but Apple is always looking to increase its market share in the smart phone industry. The smart phone industry is such a competitive market that innovation and consistent improvement are a must. As the iPhone’s product life cycle continues to move forward, Apple will need to stay on top of their marketing strategies to remain successful, especially as the product reaches maturity. - Target Market Profile We will write a custom essay sample on Iphone Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Iphone Marketing Strategy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Iphone Marketing Strategy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Apple has a very unique target market consisting of two major targets which include; consumer targets and business targets. With the consumer market category, Apple has two sub targets. Their primary target being middle to upper class income individuals who need to coordinate their busy schedules while still being able to communicate with colleagues, friends and family. While the Secondary consumer target market consists of high school, college and graduate students, who need one portable multifunction device to satisfy their own unique daily needs. Target Segment| Consumer Need| Corresponding Feature/Benefit| Professionals| * Stay in touch while on the go. * Record information while on the go. | * Email, instant messaging, and phone. * Applications from Mac OS X for notes and record keeping. | Students| * Perform many functions without carrying multiple gadgets. * Style and individuality. | * Music, phone, video and TV shows. * Apple branding as fashion statement. | The chart above shows that Apple uses a demographic strategy, psychographic strategy and benefit sought strategy to segment the consumer market into more specific areas. This helps Apple’s marketing team to better define what the customer needs and wants are so that they can focus on meeting the customer values. Demographic segmentation shows that iPhones are marketed to a specific group of individuals based on age, income, and family life cycle. For example, since the iPhone is a premium product, Apple is able to charge more for their phones than their competitors, but by doing this, Apple is forced to target markets that are capable of purchasing their product at such a high cost. However, in the past year the cost of the iPhone has dropped a significant amount, to a more consumer friendly price. Apple also segments the market based on psychographics segmentation, showing personality, motives, and lifestyles; for example, having over 100,000 apps, to give the consumer the power to personalize their phone to their exact needs and wants. Apple’s intention is to simplify making changes to the iPhone and to adapt to changes in customer expectations according to the benefits they seek such as instant messaging, fast internet access and applications. On the other hand, Apples main business target is to partner with all cell phone providers worldwide to expand their market share of the smart phone industry and eventually be the number one option for consumers looking to purchase a Smartphone. Apple’s secondary target market is medium to large corporations who need a simple solution to stay in communication or access vital data on the go for managers and their employees. By segmenting the smart phone industry, Apple was able to see a new opening in the onsumer market and showing regular consumers how a Smartphone can make their lives easier, and not just how they are beneficial to a business user, giving them a competitive advantage over other smart phone companies that were targeting only the business market, which are already developed. However, now that Apple has peaked in the consumer market and made an image for themselves, they are now considering the business market to take full market share of the entire smart phone industry. The chart below shows different business segmentations and how each segmented portion will be able to utilize the iPhone. Target Segment| Consumer Need| Corresponding Feature/Benefit| Corporate Users| * Input and access critical data on the go. | * Applications from Mac OS X for notes and record-keeping. * Compatible with widely available software. | Entrepreneurs| * Organize contracts, access contracts, and schedule details. | * Wireless access to calendar and address book to easily check appointments and contracts. | Medical Users| * Update, access and exchange medical records. | * Wireless access to calendar and address book to reduce paperwork, and increase productivity. | - Marketing Mix - Product A successful marketing mix is an important asset every company needs to effectively sell as much of their product as possible. In the case of Apple, their team of market researchers do an exceptional job of researching both the consumer and business markets in order to find out exactly what people want, and how to get their point across to everyone. The product in this case, the iPhone, is a very complex product to promote due to the huge increase in demand around the world for smart phones in the consumer market. Apple uses many different strategies to reach both consumer and business markets, especially with outlining the key features of the product. Apple, having patented their touch screen technology, dominates the market with unmatched features and touch screen capabilities that no other company can duplicate. Before the iPhone, touch screen phones needed a stylus to operate, with the introduction of the iPhone however; they have revolutionized how handheld touch screen products operate. The whole operating system in the iPhone is based on thumb touch, as opposed to using a separate, awkward stylus. Along with the iPhone’s amazing touch screen features comes its built in accelerometer. When the iPhone is rotated from portrait to landscape, the accelerometer detects the movement and changes the display appropriately. This is a key feature for some of the apps you can download for the iPhone, such as games. Sensors within the iPhone’s display help to maximize battery life by automatically dimming the display when you lift the phone to your ear, or if you are in sunlight as opposed to a dim light. The display also features a multi-touch screen feature, which allows the user to easily zoom in and out, as well as use other capabilities built into several apps. With these features put into the iPhone by Apple, the phone really sells itself solely on its features. - Promotion Due to the ease of use and functionality of the Apple iPhone it is a easy product to sell however, without promoting the product, consumers would have no idea of the benefits the iPhone can provide them. That is where Apples genius promotion strategies come into play. Apple promotes their product literally on every level possible, including television ads, radio, billboards and even at public events. In 2008, Apple released an app that was solely dedicated to The Beatles. This app, in itself made the iPhone a much more sellable product to an older generation of people. This app includes a full discography of The Beatles as well as a full biography, music samples and trivia. Along with an interest in gaining a larger market base, Apple still focuses mainly on the younger generation of people such as young teens all the way up to college students and grads. They effectively reach this target market with advertising in which younger people can easily relate to, such as humor and new and exciting designs. The most recent iPhone ads are incredibly effective due to the fact that they inform you of features such as its touch capabilities, you can watch movies and listen to music on it, you can browse the internet, it knows where you are, and it makes decisions for you all within a comfortable 30 seconds, without rushing it. Along with the advertising aspects of the iPhones promotion, comes all the sales promotions that Apple implements along with its carriers. Now with the introduction of the newest iPhone, the iPhone 3G S, the basic iPhones price has been dropped significantly, which leads into Apples latest marketing approach. With Rogers, you can purchase the 8GB iPhone on a three year contract for just $99. In Apples words, â€Å" At $99, every pocket can have one. † However for only another $100, the iPhone 3G S comes with a price tag of $199 on a three year contract, with the slogan, â€Å"What every pocket wants. † - Price With such a large demand lately in the market for smart phones, the prices of the iPhone have had to drop from when they initially came out in order for Apple to stay on the top of the market. When the iPhone first came out in June 2007, it had a hefty price tag of $599 (US) for the 8GB model and $499 (US) for the 4GB model. In just over 2 years, the price of the iPhone has dropped a whopping 83%, from $599 all the way down to $99. With this huge drop in price, Apple has been able to stay on top of the game and bring their customers top of the line products at competitive prices, all while still making a profit. This is a huge feat for a company because this means that as they grow as a company, their client base will grow with them. With the iPhone currently sitting at $99, this price even competes with some of the regular cell phones on the market that do not have nearly the same amount of features and options that the iPhone has. With this being common knowledge for someone who is in the market looking for a new cell phone, they are much more inclined to look into purchasing an iPhone rather than a basic cell phone due to the fact that they can get much more product for their dollar. This is a very good example of Apple utilizing a value based pricing technique to draw in customers away from the competing cell phone companies. A customer will be able to look at a regular cell phone for $99 and see a list of features that come with that phone; they will then look at an iPhone and see the endless list of features with $99 tagged at the end of it. At this point, anyone in the right mind is going to instantly choose the iPhone over the ordinary cell phone, simply because of what you can do with an iPhone, and what it can do for you, all with an attractive price stamped on it. Place With the Apple iPhone now available through Rogers, Bell, Fido and Telus in Canada alone, the availability of the iPhone has gone through the roof, creating a much higher number in sales over the last few months. Since its release, Apple has sold over 30 million iPhones worldwide; this number will continue to grow as they come out with new models and available features. Apple has released the iPhone worldwide, however sales in Europe didn’t hit as hard as expected, quite possibly due to the very late release date. However, in the UK they have sold well over 1 million iPhones as of today, and are still selling. The convenience of the iPhone makes it so easy to use no matter where you are. If your iPhone needs an update of any kind you do not need to plug it into the computer, you can simply do it right from the palm of your hand. A main selling point of the iPhone is the available apps you can download onto it without plugging it into anything. With in between 60,000 to 80,000 available apps, the iPhone can provide you with pretty much any service imaginable, anywhere on the planet. With Apple marketing the fact that you can literally do anything with this phone, no matter where you are, customers have just been jumping on the band wagon left right and center. A large percentage of the apps you can download are free, however there are also many that cost money. On average an app costs anywhere from $0. 99 anywhere up to $100 and more, a huge benefit is that 30% of all sales from Apps go to Apple even if they had nothing to do with the development of that App as it is a part of the contract with all developers and Apple. Since the iPhones release, Apple has generated over 1 billion dollars in sales just from the apps alone, showing the power they have in the market when it comes to making their product available, no matter where in the world you are. With the iPhone currently available through over 120 carriers world-wide and in 89 countries, it can only grow from here. Apple has come this far with the iPhone and if they keep up the way they have been effectively marketing it around the world, marketshare should hit 30% by the end of 2010. Recommendations for Improvement The iPhones marketing team has done a phenomenal job in marketing the Apple iPhone, as well as advertising it to their select target markets. However, on a global scale, Apple did not release the iPhone quite early enough in Europe, possibly deterring potential buyers from the phone (due to the wait). In the U. S. the iPhone was released in June 2007, in Nov of 2007 it was released in the UK, Germany and France. However, not until June of 2008 was the iPhone released to the rest of the European market, a whole year after the original release date. Simply by releasing the phone worldwide all in one big shot could have made much more of a splash in the smart phone market all around the world, this resulting in possibly hundreds of thousands of extra sales. You could however argue that by delaying the release date in Europe, Apple had created a whole lot of hype around the product, leaving some customers just waiting until the day they could get their hands on their very own iPhone. Still, this issue left a sour taste in the mouths of many anticipated fans across the sea. A huge portion of the smart phone market is reliant on businesses. Apple has quite flawlessly mastered their promotions and marketing mix’s directed towards a consumer market. However, they have not yet been able to grasp as much of the business industry as they wish. Blackberrys have taken the business market by storm with their Blackberry Messaging service, allowing any Blackberry user to instantly converse with another or a group of others, with no extra fees tacked on. Another issue being is a Blackberry is still the email king with your e-mails being â€Å"pushed† to your phone while with an iPhone they are â€Å"pulled† causing up to a 15 minute delay for e-mails to come in, for a regular consumer that’s not a big deal but for the business man who is dealing with clients all over the world involving millions of dollars 15 minutes could be the difference between closing or breaking the deal. When you consider those two advantages the Blackberry has in the business world ou have to consider if Apple could come up with a way to deal with those advantages it could persuade companies to switch over to the iPhone platform. Another thing that Apple needs to consider regarding their iPhone on the business side of the market is the camera, it is a huge deal for some companies developing new products that all phones in the offices must not have cameras on them, RIM offers this option for its business consumers simple fact is Apple need s to as well. Once these issues are dealt with and the iPhone then feature wise seems more appealing to businesses putting proper marketing out there saying â€Å"Hey I’m a business user and I have an iPhone† will be key to build the same type of hype on the business level as they have already created on the consumer level. Finally the providers come in to play, a $99 iPhone without a contract actually costs $599. 99 to buy outright so a carrier such as Rogers has to eat $500 of subsidized costs to initially get the customer to purchase the phone and then must hope that they make all that money back with service costs they will charge that customer. In Rogers’ case that doesn’t seem to be a big issue but with many companies in Europe it is because many cellphone providers are reporting that the iPhone has been a money hole for them now and they don’t see that changing. With Apple’s strict pricing rules and absolutely no discount policy if the iPhone doesn’t prove to carriers that it is a revenue generator they may eventually choose to drop the iPhone completely from their lineup of smartphones. Thus causing less market availability resulting in lost sales Apple needs to work with their carriers in a more two-way manner as right now they know the iPhone is in huge demand and carriers can’t afford to not be able to offer it so they accept â€Å"Apple’s way or no way policy† but if demand slows down then Apple will obviously have to then adjust their approach. With the structure Apple currently has on the consumer side of the market, it is hard to knock them for anything, the iPhone being no exception. They have done a remarkable job promoting their product and will continue to grow as a company as their technology does, competing in the smart phone market as one of the top leaders of innovation and available services. On the business side though they obviously have a lot of room for improvement and with what has been discussed, a few extra features, a few adjustments and a great marketing campaign and Apple should see a huge increase in sales for their business consumers.

Compulsive Hoarding

Compulsive Hoarding Free Online Research Papers As little as 15 years ago, people with extremely cluttered homes were known as pack rats or collectors. There has been a growing problem where homes become so extremely full of possessions that it makes it impossible to use the rooms in the house for the purpose in which they were originally intended. No cooking in the kitchen, no family meals in the dining room, and no entertaining friends and family in the living room because all of these spaces are occupied by the treasures of a hoarder, practically floor to ceiling. â€Å"Compulsive Hoarding is a mental disorder marked by an obsessive need to acquire and keep things, even if the items are worthless, hazardous, or unsanitary. More than 3 million people are compulsive hoarders.† (Flynn, Chan, Severson, 2010) Hoarding can sometimes appear in early adolescence. If not addressed, it will usually get progressively worse. Some of the symptoms may include: -Cluttered living space; -Inability to discard items; -Keeping stacks of newspapers, magazines, or junk mail; -Moving items from one pile to another, without discarding anything; -Acquiring un-needed or useless items sometimes even trash; -Difficulty managing daily activities including procrastinating and trouble making decisions; -Difficulty organizing; -Perfectionism; -Excessive attachments to possessions and difficulty letting anyone touch or borrow them; -Limited or no social interactions. Hoarding can range from a harmless mess, to a life threatening condition. (Scheff, 2010) Triggers and Causes Family and Genetics Hoarding seems to run in families. Obviously, if one was raised by a hoarder, one is much more likely to be a hoarder, as many people often emulate the environment in which they were brought up. However, some research also points to a genetic link. â€Å"People with this problem tend to have a first degree relative who also does, so it might be genetic, or it might be a modeling effect.† Says Randy O. Frost, Ph.D., a psychologist at Smith College, North Hampton, Massachusetts. â€Å"Genetic research suggests that a region on chromosome 14 may be linked to compulsive hoarding in families with OCD. The study, carried out by a team from John Hopkins University School of Medicine in March 2007, analyzed samples from 999 OCD patients from 219 families. Families with 2 or more hoarding relatives showed a unique pattern on chromosome 14 where as other families’ OCD was linked to chromosome 3.† (Collingwood, 2009) Trauma Some people classified as hoarders may just be harmless pack rats until some kind of trauma occurs in their life. Often hoarding spirals out of control after the death of a loved one such as a parent, spouse, or child. Divorce can also trigger hoarding to manifest a previously underlying problem into a disaster. Compulsive Shopping Hoarding also highly correlates with compulsive shopping. Compulsive shopping also correlates with other characteristics of hoarding such as indecisiveness and perfectionism, which also correlates with OCD. Hoarding is not only characterized by the inability to discard items, but also by the obsessive way in which they are acquired. â€Å"It may be the case that compulsive shopping is one manifestation of an underlying pattern of mental activity that is part of a more general tendency towards compulsive acquisition.†(Murray, Close, Frost, 2010) Related Disorders OCD Hoarding has long been considered a symptom of OCD, or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. However, in the last 10 years, psychologists have begun to notice a difference. Sometimes there is a person with OCD who has a tendency toward hoarding, and sometimes there are compulsive hoarders without OCD. It is estimated that at least 18 to 30 percent of people with OCD have hoarding tendencies. (Frost, Steketee, 2010) Although hoarding is not considered to be a disease in itself right now, this may all change soon. Experts have been debating if it is a symptom of OCD at all, and it may be recatagorized in the next edition of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). Some of the distinctions between Compulsive Hoarding and OCD may include the following: -Different from most patients suffering from OCD, most hoarders do not want help. This makes then also much more difficult to treat. -Medication seems to work far better for patients with other forms of OCD. -Hoarders have specific cognitive deficits not shared by people with other forms of OCD, such as the inability to categorize and make decisions. -Treatments for hoarding are more tedious and take longer than typical OCD treatments -Hoarding OCD is much more likely to suffer relapse than other types of OCD. (Elliot, 2009) OCPD Besides OCD, compulsive hoarding is also linked to other disorders and is even a diagnostic criteria for OCPD, or Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder. One study suggests that almost twice as many hoarders meet the criteria for OCPD rather than OCD. Similarities between OCPD and hoarding include preoccupation with details, organizing and orderliness. Patients suffering from both disorders have very little insight into the severity of their disorder and most often do not recognize the negative impact of their behaviors on their lives. Hoarding may also correlate with disorders such as ADD and ADHD where people also have a great deal of difficulty focusing, making decisions, and organizing. (Wiegartz Carmin, 2010) Effects on Family and Home Living in the home of a hoarder is very stressful. Unlike people with other obsessive compulsive disorders, hoarding compulsions directly affect all other persons living in the house. Although the emotional effects of other OC related disorders can affect the family, it is generally indirect and can be avoided. Often it is just an inconvenience. Hoarding, however, profoundly affects all persons living under one roof. For example, the hoard more often than not, spills out from one room to another until all rooms, including the bathroom, and kitchen become un-useable. This is very unsanitary and unhealthy. Also, very often if something goes wrong with the plumbing or electricity, a hoarder may not hire professionals to come in and fix the problems due to embarrassment or inability to access the area. (Fugen, Slavin, Donelly, 2010) For the family of one who hoards, it is impossible to live in the same house and not experience emotional, or even physical trauma. Not only through the mess, but also because hoarders’ extreme need to control all aspects of the house cause extreme friction and tension. A primary cause of contention is the loss of usable living space in the shared areas of the home including the living room, dining room, bathrooms, hallways, kitchen, entry ways, yard, and even the bedrooms of other family members. The emotional effects of hoarding are very difficult on a marriage, and often end in divorce. (Fugen et al., 2010) Family members are forced to live in utter chaos. The hoarder assumes control of the entire house and does not allow their family members to make and decision about the home in which they live. This results in feelings of bitterness and resentment. Often, family members get so frustrated with the mess that they will attempt to organize, discard, and clean up without the knowledge or permission of the hoarder, resulting in big, blow out fights. The hoarder will become even worse due to this â€Å"deception† because they feel violated and disrespected. This causes them to become even more protective of their possessions. (Fugen et al., 2010) The hoarding behaviors of the parent of a child can severely affect the child’s life. Children are either not allowed or too embarrassed to have friends over which adversely effects their social development, leaving them feeling isolated. Children become withdrawn and depressed and tend to do poorly in school or even drop out. Children of hoarders are prone to become abusers of drugs and alcohol. (Fugen et al., 2010) Hoarding also affects the quality of life in the home from a health aspect. Individuals living in a hoarded house often suffer from headaches and respiratory problems. As clutter develops, it becomes impossible to dust or vacuum for years at a time. In addition, spilled liquids are often not cleaned up causing all manors of mold, fungus, and insect infestation. Also, the home is likely to become infested with rats and other vermin who will deposit feces and urine within the clutter causing a whole range of other health issues. (Fugen et al., 2010) Another safety hazard is the clutter itself which makes it difficult to move about the house. Pathways become blocked by fallen or new clutter and one could trip and fall and be seriously injured. Extreme clutter also puts the home at a significant risk of having a fire. Also because of the clutter, it would be extremely difficult for emergency personnel to rescue individuals trapped inside the house. The home of a hoarder could literally cave in. People often underestimate the weight of their possessions, and the floors and walls could be destroyed under the pressure of an extreme hoard. It is even more dangerous if the home has pets. Cats often not find their litter box, if there even is one, and dogs cannot hold it long enough for their masters to navigate through the mess, leaving the animals to urinate and defecate throughout the house. The result is absolutely toxic. The hoarder becomes accustomed to the smells, and hardly notices a problem. The levels of ammonia make the air in the home unsafe to breathe, both for the animals and humans. Animal feces, mold, and fungus make it very dangerous to inhabit the house, and it may be reported and condemned by the city. (Fugen et al., 2010) Levels of Hoarding An official organizational assessment tool has been developed by a group known as the NSGD, or National Study Group on Chronic Disorganization. This clutter/hoarding scale was developed to give professional organizers and clinical psychologists specializing in chronic disorganization and hoarding definitive parameters. The parameters relate to specific health and safety issues. Five different levels have been established to measure the degree of squalor and severity that professionals may be dealing with. Within each different level, there are four specific categories which define the severity of clutter and hoarding potential. -Structure and zoning; -Pets and rodents; -Household functions: -Sanitation and cleanliness. (Delson, Govinsky, Prince, Shultz, 2003) Level I hoarder Household is considered standard. No special knowledge in working with the chronically disorganized is necessary. Level II hoarder Household requires professional organizers or related professionals to have additional knowledge and understanding of chronic disorganization. Level III hoarder Household may require services in addition to those a professional organizer and related professional can provide. Professional organizers and related professionals working with Level III households should have significant training in chronic disorganization and have developed a helpful community network of resources, especially mental health providers. Level IV hoarder Household needs the help of a professional organizer and a coordinated team of service providers. Psychological, medical issues or financial hardships are generally involved. Resources will be necessary to bring a household to a functioning level. These services may include pest control services, â€Å"crime scene cleaners†, financial counseling and licensed contractors and handy persons. Level V hoarder Professional organizers should not venture directly into working solo with this type of household. The Level V household may be under the care of a conservator or be an inherited estate of a mentally ill individual. Assistance is needed through the use of a multi-tasked team. These members may include social services and psychological/mental health representatives (not applicable if an inherited estate), conservator/trustee, building and zoning, fire and safety, landlord, legal aid and/or legal representatives. A written strategy needs to be outlined and contractual agreements made before proceeding. (Delson et al., 2003) Subtypes of Hoarding Animal Hoarding Animal Hoarding is a complex community health issue. It involves mental health, animal welfare and public safety concerns. In most cases, animal hoarders appear to believe they are helping their animals. They believe that any home is better than letting the animals die in a shelter. They are in denial and are able to convince other people that they are in control of the situation. Usually, animal hoarders are completely blind to the fact that they are not helping the animals, and they do not see the degree of suffering that they cause. Indications for an animal hoarder may be: -Owning many animals without knowing an exact number of how many; -Home is deteriorated and may have dirty windows, broken furniture, and holes in the floors and walls; -Extreme Clutter; -Strong smells of ammonia and the presence of urine, feces and vomit; -Animals are unsocialized, emaciated, and lethargic; -The presence of fleas and vermin; -Individual isolated themselves from the community and appears to also be in neglect themselves; -Individual insists all animals are loved and cared for, even in the presence of extreme distress and illness. (ASPCA 2010) Dr. Stephanie LaFarge, ASPCA Senior Director of Counseling Services says; â€Å"I have worked with many animal hoarders in their homes. Their mental illness allows them to maintain an absolute denial of the filth and suffering of the animals. They simply cannot see, smell, or react to the situation as a normal person would.† (ASPCA, 2010) Garbage Hoarding Some people suffering from compulsive hoarding are obsessed with collecting garbage. The term for this is syllogomania. These people will go as far as climbing into dumpster and removing trash to bring home with little to no insight as to how unsanitary their actions are. Often they believe that they are doing good for the world by saving what they consider to be useful items from going to the dump. In their minds, they plan to find use for these items at a later time, but instead just manage to turn their own home into a dump. Collectors Some compulsive hoarders do not just simply collect junk, but focus their attention on one or more type of useful items in copious amounts. Often these homes are not as unsanitary as the homes of garbage or animal hoarders. However, what starts out as a harmless collection may soon turn into an obsession. Collector/Hoarders are known to collect some of the following items; clothing, newspapers, magazines, books, toy trains, cameras, and personal items, just to name a few. These types of hoarders most likely also have a problem with compulsive shopping and may spend many hours and lots of money frequenting flea markets, thrift stores, and garage sales, and may also be hooked on home shopping channels and eBay. Case Studies Animal Hoarder â€Å"On Tuesday, November 9, 40 cats were seized from a mobile home in Tampa, Florida, that authorities called a â€Å"liter box without litter,† according to the St. Petersburg Times. After an anonymous tip led them to the property, officials entered the residence wearing protective gear to shield them from the smells of the unsanitary home. All of the cats were kept on one side of the mobile home where the windows were sealed and there was no ventilation. Many of the animals had conditions such as respiratory infections, open wounds and urine burns. The news source reports that ammonia levels begin to become unsafe at 25, and this home reached 38. Kevin Lamar Addison, who lived with the animals, was charged with five felony counts of animal cruelty and 40 counts of unlawful containment of an animal. (ASPCA, 2010) Garbage Hoarder Lloyd is an elderly man from California. He was told by his mother, during the Great Depression, â€Å"Don’t put anything on your plate that you can’t eat, and don’t waste anything.† Lloyd collects garbage from dumpsters and has a giant outdoor hoard of miscellaneous debris. Five years ago, it was so bad that the county came in and cleaned it up. They also fined him 50,000 dollars. This made him feel violated, and he began hoarding worse than ever. He ignored the huge fine, on continued to hoard his property. Now he is facing another fine of the same magnitude. Lloyd hoards everything including, but not limited to broken fans, construction garbage and debris, pieces of worthless broken furniture, paper, and empty boxes. Lloyd was originally a successful insurance salesman, but buckled under the pressure and began drinking. His family fell apart as he became controlling, violent, and abusive. Even after being sober for 35 years, his abusive and obsessive behaviors persist, and his family finds him difficult to love. Even when he is out with his grown daughter, he cannot resist removing items from garbage cans. Facing 100,000 dollars in fines, he agrees to get help. He could possibly lose everything. Lloyd’s situation is desperate. He sleeps in a trailer on his property that is also hoarded. He climbs in through a window to sleep, because all entry ways are blocked. He has no electricity, no running water, and no ventilation. He has not been inside his house for over a year. After seeing the grotesque situation in which Lloyd lives, Dr. Liz Moore, the clinical psychologist working on his case, has no choice but to get Adult protective services involved. During the clean up, Lloyd has problems parting with any garbage. He is hostile and agitated and is lamenting over every piece of trash. He has very little insight into his situation and is erratic, and could possibly be suffering from dementia. Lloyd is removed from the property for the last part of the cleanup to get as much done as possible. There is very little hope for Lloyd because of his negative mind set, age, and possibly his dementia. He will most likely be removed from his home by Adult Protective Services. It is not humane to continue to let him live alone. Sixty dumpsters were filled on his property, and only 25 percent of the hoard was removed. His property will most likely be surrendered to the county. (Flynn et al., 2010) Collector Theresa is a retired state worker, and a mother of six grown children. She raised her family in California and kept a clean home. All of the children had chores. Ten years after her kids were grown and gone; Theresa moved to Alabama and bought a house to be closer to her side of the family. Her husband stayed behind in California to continue to work. Three years ago, tragedy struck, and Theresa lost three family members in a short period of time. Alone and devastated, Theresa turned to shopping to ease her pain. Theresa frequented the thrift store two times per day. Her husband sent her $5,000 at a time. Her shopping got so out of control that she went through their entire life savings totaling $112,000 in one and a half years. Theresa believes the 3,000 designed purses that she owns will bring in a small fortune. She is counting on the sale of these items to save her from bankruptcy. Her husband worked two jobs his entire life to support the family. He retired two months ago, and moved to Alabama to be with Theresa. He was shocked by what he found. The house is hoarded floor to ceiling with clothes, purses, and shoes. Nobody is allowed to touch her possessions, she is controlling and possessive. Extremely in debt, and facing financial ruin, Theresa agrees to get help. Dr. Susan Chabaud, licensed clinical psychologist, specializing in OCD and hoarding comes on to help Theresa. She breaks down soon into the session, realizing what she has done. In addition to the pressure of her financial burden, Theresa is afraid her husband will leave her. She has tested his loyalty to the limit. Professional organizers arrive with dumpsters. The team begins removing items from the house. At first, things are going smoothly, but Theresa unravels when she notices things being thrown out. She breaks down, and the cleanup comes to a halt. Her family is afraid of her temper. When the crew leaves for the day, Theresa climbs into the dumpster and removes items. The next day, consignment experts arrive to assess the value of Theresa’s 3,000 purses. It is disappointing when they discover that most of her bags are designer imitations, and 95% are worthless. She is upset that she cannot get top dollar for her bags, and only walks away with $300. This will not prevent her from bankruptcy. Theresa is humbled by her situation, and the rest of the cleanup goes smoothly. Her husband is pleased with the progress and sticks by her side. Theresa is provided with after care funds, and uses them to get counseling. Her daughter steps in and intervenes financially to save them from ruin. (Flynn et al., 2010) Treatment Initial Assessment The first step in helping one who hoards overcome their affliction must be through a thorough psychiatric evaluation to rule out primary psychotic disorders such as, dementia, and major depression as a cause to the problem, since apathy, fatigue, or hopelessness could lead to failure to discard, clean, or organize possessions. The initial session should include an assessment of the amount of clutter, types of items acquired, usability of the space, health and safety hazards, beliefs about possessions, information processing deficits, avoidance behaviors, insight, motivation for treatment, social and occupational functioning, and activities of daily living. (Saxena 2008) Pharmacotherapy Hoarding symptoms may be treated with Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, or SRIs. A few studies of OCD patients have found that hoarding symptoms were not easily treated with these drugs, and responded poorly to them. Another study, however, found that compulsive hoarders responded equally well to SRIs as non-hoarding OCD patients, with signifigant improvements in shared symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and overall functioning. Similar proportions of hoarding and non-hoarding OCD patients responder strongly and partially. The proportions of people dropping out of the study were also similar. Compulsive hoarders who completed treatment showed a mean 31% decline in symptom severity. Hoarding symptoms improved as much as other OCD symptoms. (Saxena 2008) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Hartl, Frost, Steketee, and colleagues developed a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or, CBT treatment strategy based on their Cognitive/Behavioral model of compulsive hoarding. They are the leading researchers on the subject. They conceptualize hoarding as involving four main problem areas; -Information processing deficits; -Problems in forming emotional attachments; -Behavioral avoidance; -Erroneous beliefs about the nature of possessions. Treatment involves cognitive restructuring, decision making training and exposure and response prevention involving the discarding of clutter. After 20 weeks of treatment, five in seven patients had noticeable improvement in acquiring of new possessions, awareness of irrational reasons for saving possessions and organizational skill. The ability to discard possessions also improved, but more slowly. This study also demonstrated the need to address patient motivation and involve family members in treatment. (Saxena 2010) Conclusion A growing awareness has shed some light on the deeply rooted problems of compulsive hoarding. Hoarding is a serious condition that not only affects the individual with the problem, but also has a serious impact on the lives of all persons living in the home, as well as loved ones living outside the home who want to help, but do not know how. The issues of a hoarder are deeply seeded and not easily treated. In order to provide adequate treatment, several different levels of therapy are recommended, including; therapy with a clinical psychologist specializing in hoarding, professional organizers, and perhaps even drug therapy to reduce anxiety. Strong family support is also very important, as relapse is almost inevitable. Hoarding has long classified as a symptom of OCD, but research has shown strong evidence that it is its own entity with a unique profile of core symptoms, genetic markers, and neurobiology abnormalities that differ from those of OCD. Perhaps in the near future, compulsive hoarding will be classified as a separate disorder entirely. More research is recommended. References ASPCA (2010) www.aspca.org 11/12/2010 Collingwood, J., (2009) the Genetics of Compulsive Hoarding. www.psychcentral.com 11/06/2010 Delson, S., Glovinsky, C., Prince, T., Schultz, H. (2003) the NSGD Clutter Hoarding Scale Official Hoarding Assessment Tool. www.nsgcd.org 11/12/2010 Elliot, C., (2009) Hoarding OCD. www.psychcentral.com 11/17/2010 Flynn, N., Chan, M., Severson, D., (2010) AE Hoarders Fugen, N., Slavin, J., Donnelly, M. (2010) How Compulsive Hoarding Effects Families. www.ocfoundation.org 11/6/2010 Frost, R., Steketee, G., (2010) Hoarding: Clinical Aspects and Treatment Strategies. www.childrenofhoarders.com 11/03/2010 Murray-Close, M., Frost, R. (2010) the Nature of Compulsive Buying and Acquisition. www.sophiasmith.edu 11/15/2010 Saxena, S. (2008) Neurobiology and Treatment of Compulsive Hoarding. www.childrenofhoarders.com 11/12/2010 Scheff, S. (2010) Hoarding: It Usually Starts in Early Adolescence, Around Age 12, and it Tends to get Worse with Age. www.examiner.com 11/6/2010 Wiegartz, P. Carmin, C. (2010) Hoarding and OCPD. www.academyofct.org 11/17/2010 Research Papers on Compulsive Hoarding19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraStandardized TestingGenetic EngineeringThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseResearch Process Part OneRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Proteins and Vegetarians, Fats and Heart Disease Essay

Proteins and Vegetarians, Fats and Heart Disease - Essay Example Proteins are broken down into energy during some exercises or during starvation. Proteins maintain some of the processes in the body through substances made from proteins. Enzymes made from proteins facilitate the process of digestion. Breast feed milk used to feed children is made from proteins consumed by man. Vegetarians should ensure that they protein rich from breakfast to super time. Such foods include legumes, grains, nuts vegetables, and fats. The vegetarians should ensure that they consume adequate amounts of proteins in each serving. Other foods should also be served in the diet to ensure a balanced diet (Christophe Blecker, et al 225). Fats and Heart Disease The body stores energy through fat reservoirs in the body. These fats are used when the body needs energy. This fat is at least 10percent of an individual’s weight. Fats are used to transporting soluble nutrients around the body. Such nutrients include vitamin A, D, E and K. Fats located under the skin help insulate the body from temperature change. Fats form structural components of the cell such as the cell wall that regulates the movement of substances in the cell. Fats are used in the production of hormones that regulate body operations. Fats are used to producing milk used to feed newborns after pregnancy. Saturated fats are bad for health as they increase cholesterol levels. Increase in cholesterol clog vessels in a process called atherosclerosis. Cholesterol in heart vessels caused heart attacks (Vercambre, Grodstein, and Kang 1136).